Gender and Pakpak Dairi Language Changes

摘要

The shift or defense of a language is influenced by many factors. Industrialization and urbanization are seen as the main cause of the shifting of a language; in addition to the other factors such as small number of speakers, settlement concentration, and other factors that are often regarded as the cause of the shifting of a local language. This research examines Pakpak Dairi language; how the manner of women is different from men, even an imbalance between the male and female languages. It also observed whether the gender influences the shift and defense of Pakpak Dairi language. This study was conducted in Sidikalang, Dairi district. Location selection is based on the consideration of a multilingual situation with the presence of Bahasa Indonesian, Batak Toba language, and Karo language which used in social communication. Observations were made on two research sites consisting of (1) urban areas with more heterogeneous assumptions of language use in the domain of intermarriage and (2) the same area with more homogeneous assumptions of language use in the ethnic marital domain. This research utilizes qualitative ethnography method. Data collected by using scrutinize method, either by scrutinize with talking (SLC) or scrutinize without talking (SBLC). The result of the research proves that women of Pakpak Dairi have a strong influence on the defense and shifting of Pakpak Dairi language.