Regional approach to labour costs management as factor of increasing competitive ability and effectiveness of crop growing production

摘要

It is impossible to increase competitive ability and effectiveness of agricultural industry without scientific grounds to develop indicators of resource intensity as one of the tools to achieve the target goals. The article explains the approaches of developing of enlarged normative of labor costs in agriculture, recommended as the key points for selecting the technological model of modernization and basis to define needs of labor resources on the example of certain agricultural region of Russia, that is the Volgograd region. In their research work the authors rely on labor content per unit of output for 5 natural zones and 33 municipal units, typical and pilot businesses in these zones, as well as on calculated values of labor intensity for agricultural crops growing. For processing the total data there is used factor and structural analyses, correlative and regression models, statistical methods of uniformity of aggregate data evaluation, that were the basis for developing structural model for forming the labor cost in croups growing. Its components defined the scenario approach to develop labor intensity and expert method of evaluation within the great variety allowed to find background initial basis for their development. Enlarged norms of labor costs in crop growing development is based on the theory to use integrated index, considering all factors of competitive ability and effectiveness (natural technological, organizational and economical). Within the suggested hypothesis there are introduced ideas such as 'structural' hectare and labor cost for the 'structural' hectare, as well as their content and methods of calculation are explained. Calculations, made according to the suggested methods were tested in 27 business units of the region and calculated values of the indicators proved to be reliable and accurate. Considering the existing types of agricultural industry production in the region there was detected the area of their implementation, their practical value for effective management.