Wind Turbines' Kinetic Energy Storage Potential for Frequency Support

摘要

More Installed wind turbines (WTs) can endanger the operation of power systems In terms of power balance and grid - stability. This because wind power is a generation source with variable output and In general it does not share frequency support (FS). However, control systems can enable participation of WTs In FS by absorbing and releasing kinetic energy In and from the WT's rotor, respectively. This research Investigates the potential of WTs to facilitate FS by changing rotor speed (kinetic energy can be stored and released whenever requested). However, the potential of supplementary kinetic energy storage (s-KES) partly depends on the WTs rotor diameter and rotor mass, and on the generator capacity. Larger sized WTs have, both relatively and absolutely, a larger capacity (more kinetic energy) for s-KES compared to smaller sized WTs. Larger sized WTs can also exploit relatively more kinetic energy for FS, without exceeding the lower rotor speed limit. This because larger sized WTs operate at lower rotor speeds with a lower speed limit more close to zero, compared to smaller sized WTs. Considering rotor over-dimensioned WTs, they have a larger total capacity for s-KES, however, Its capacity changes more dynamically compared to a not rotor over-dimensioned WT. This hardens forecast of schedules for s-KES. Generator over-dimensioned WTs have relatively a lower capacity for s-KES, however its availability is larger (s-KES can be applied more often). This because generator over-dimensioned WTs reach rated rotor speed at a higher wind speed, compared to not generator over-dimensioned WTs.