IBRP: An Infrastructure-Based Routing Protocol Using Static Clusters in Urban VANETs

摘要

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a popular subclass of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). These kinds of networks do not have a centralized authority to control the network infrastructure. The data routing is one of the most significant challenges in VANETs due to its special characteristics. In this paper, an effective cluster-based routing algorithm for VANETs has been proposed. Unlike other clustering approaches, RSUs have been considered as a fixed node in VANETs and treated as cluster heads in this approach. Due to static clusters, the overhead to create and to maintain clusters has been reduced. Multiple clusters in large network headed by RSUs make routing more efficient and reliable. Three levels of routing mentioned with this approach. At first level routing, the source vehicle itself is capable to send data to the destination node. Second level routing needs RSU's intervention in routing and RSU finds the path from source to destination vehicle. At third level, RSU broadcasts the message to other connected RSU to spread messages in a broader way. The proposed approach is suitable for urban VANETs because of the availability of the dense network with multiple RSUs. Some applications where the approach may be useful are emergency help, broadcasting information, reporting to authority or vehicles for any observation, and to collect nearby traffic-related information from RSU of the respective cluster. The static analysis of the proposed approach shows that the proposed approach is efficient, scalable, and able to reduce network overhead in large and dense urban VANETs.