The paper presents a thorough analysis of a 2-terminal bipolar HVDC system control and the protection algorithm against DC line faults. Importance of fast fault detection and response from these faults by control strategies are explained. Most of the available detection algorithms have delay in protection due to communication between inverter and rectifier ends for measured data transmission. The proposed algorithm is based on the calculation of pole differential currents at both ends to avoid the delay due to information exchange and therefore speeds up the protection. The HVDC line faults, i.e., pole-to-ground faults, were implemented with the combination of various fault resistances and fault locations to observe the effect on fault detection. The simulated results show that the proposed PDC algorithms have the advantage of improved fault detection time and protection reliability and are useful as primary protection schemes for HVDC lines against line-to-ground short-circuit faults.
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