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The angular momentum of vectorial non-paraxial fields and the role of radial charges in orbit-spin coupling

机译:矢量非瘫痪场的角动量和径向电荷在轨道 - 自旋耦合中的作用

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Electromagnetic fields carry a linear and an angular momentum, the first being responsible for the existence of the radiation pressure and the second for the transfer of torque from electromagnetic radiation to matter. The angular momentum is considered to have two components, one due to the polarization state of the field, usually called Spin Angular Momentum (SAM), and one due to existence of topological azimuthal charges in the field phase profile, which leads to the Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM). For non-paraxial fields these two contributions are not independent of each other, something which is described as spin-orbit coupling. It has been recently proved that electromagnetic fields necessarily carry also invariant radial charges that, as discussed in this work, play a key role in the angular momentum. Here we show that the total angular momentum consists in fact of three components: one component only dependent on the spin of the field, another dependent on the azimuthal charges carned by the field and a third component dependent on the spin and the radial charges contained in the field. By properly controlling the number and coupling among these radial charges it is possible to design electromagnetic fields with a desired total angular momentum. In this way it is also possible to discover fields with no orbital angular momentum and a spin angular momentum typical of spin-3/2 objects, irrespective of the fact that photons are spin-1 particles.
机译:电磁场携带的线性和角动量,该第一负责的辐射压力的存在和所述第二用于将转矩从电磁辐射传送到物质。的角动量被认为具有两个部件,一个由于场,通常被称为自旋角动量(SAM),和一个的偏振状态由于在外地相位轮廓拓扑方位角电荷,这导致轨道角存在动量(OAM)。对于非近轴字段这两个贡献不是相互独立的,某物被描述为自旋轨道耦合。它最近已证明,电磁场带在身边也不变径向指控,因为在这项工作中所讨论的,角动量发挥关键作用。在这里,我们表明,总的角动量由实际上三个部分组成:一个部件只依赖于场的自旋,另一个依赖于由场和第三组分依赖于自旋和径向电荷包含在carned方位角电荷场。通过适当地控制的数量和这些径向电荷中耦合有可能设计具有所期望的总的角动量电磁场。以这种方式,也可能发现的字段没有轨道角动量和自旋角动量典型自旋3/2的对象,而不管这一事实光子是自旋为1的颗粒。

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