Macroporous Mesh of Nanoporous Gold, a Universal Platform for Ultrasensitive Enzyme-Immobilized and Cell-based Bioelectrodes

摘要

Of late there has been an increasing demand for online monitoring of volatile biochemicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) released in extremely miniscule concentrations. ROS in general, and superoxides as the primary member of the group in particular, are known to exert contrasting physiological and pathological effects depending on their release levels and rates [1]. Both the volatility and the scarceness of these species necessitate the use of highly sensitive, selective, and rapid biosensors to accurately measure the levels of extracellular superoxides and to distinguish their concertation-dependent effects without interfering with cellular metabolisms.