Exploring the end-liner forces using DEM software.

摘要

The main roles of liners are to protect the mill shell and promote effective ball motion for grinding. For this reason, the liner profile is carefully selected to ensure that the productivity is maximized and due liner replacement is made when this objective is no longer met. This is well established for shell liners but for end liners, to date, not much has been written.We use the Discrete Element Method (DEM) software to investigate the forces that are experienced by end-liners relative to their location. DEM is a numerical software that has been around for some 4 decades, since it was officially introduced by Cundall and Struck (1979) in soil mechanics. About a decade later it was adapted to milling by Mishra and Rajamani (1990). The ins and outs of this software have been well documented in many subsequent papers (Werasakeera et al 2013, Tavares 2017) that have demonstrated its extensive applicability to a variety of mineral processing problems. Milling remains a major application area.