Stigmatization Model: Strategies for Changing Stigma on Mental Disorders in the Community

摘要

One of the important problems faced by people with mental disorders today is when they have to deal with people in their social environment. The stereotypes attached to people with mental disorders lead to discrimination from the social environment they occupy. Many of them get unfair treatment, are exiled, shunned, rejected, and often accused of guilty of a crime. They are not treated as they should because of the stigma attached by the people around them. This article examines the process of stigma formation, the effects, the model of stigma formation, and how effective strategies must be applied to change stigma based on literature studies from a socio-cognitive and behavioral perspective. The study in this article includes: a) what is a stigma, b) what are the effects caused by people affected by this stigma, c) various models that explain the formation of stigma, d) strategies in developing programs that can change the stigma and the goals of this program to run effectively. There are three models of the formation of stigma, namely individual cognitive, motivational, and institutional/structural. Stigma change strategies can be done in four ways: education, contact, protest, and interactive media. As well as for this program to be successful and run effectively, the target of the program must be specific to the group affected by stigma.