The Importance of Oocyte and Sperm Cryopreservation of Indonesian Genetic Resources of Local Sheep and Goat

摘要

Animal breeding, genetic and reproduction are facing challenges with more powerful and useful methods for creating new breeds, genetic change and improvement. In the near future, the frozen cells of sperms and oocyte of local breed and animals have a potential to trade at a national, regional and international levels. These research goals were to study the oocyte and sperms cryopreservation of a specific breed, superior and potential of small ruminants for the conservation of animal genetic resources for both research and commercial purposes. The study focused on the local breeds of goats and sheep breeds (PE and Senduro Goats) that have been selected genetically (chromosome and genetic DNA analysis). Sperm was produced and to be cryopreserved and storage in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). Variables observed are cell freezing and post-thawing quality as well as viability and live-dead (%t). Test fertility studies have been conducted in vitro testing of sperm quality. Meanwhile, oocytes were isolated from ovary obtained from locally slaughtered house, then matured in vitro and be frozen. The freezing oocytes were tested for their quality and fertility in vitro, base on IVF and cleavage rate (%). The result showed that early genetic analysis has been completed and indicates that the Indonesia small ruminants (PE and Senduro) are categorized have a normal genetically base on chromosome analysis ((2N=60, X=acrosentris, Y=metasentris). Post-thawing quality of sperms is considered good quality with ≥ 40% motility (SNI 2008). From this research showed that both freezing sperm and oocyte method of Indonesia small ruminants is considered as good and potential as an alternative technology for conserving the valuable genetic materials. It was concluded that the cryopreservation of germ cells is an attractive and effective conservation the genetic resources of local, superior animal, rare as well as for endangered animals.