The Mobility of Bakumpai Ethnics along Barito River in the Perspective of Trade and Spread of Islam (from 15th to 19th Century)

摘要

Bakumpai ethnic was the ethnic inhabiting the area of Muara Bahan which was located on the riverside of Barito River. Bakumpai ethnic was the first ethnic who embraces the arrival of Islam in the fifteenth century. Its geographically strategic position was the reason why Muara Bahan had become a trading post that was frequently visited by Muslim traders. The embracing of Islam from Bakumpai ethnic was indicated by the appearance of Raden Sira Panji Kesuma who accepted Islam along with the arrival of Sunan Giri and Sunan Bonang in Muara Bahan. The trading post of Muara Bahan as the center of Negara Daha had given an enormous impact towards the spreading of Islam in the trading post area and had also shaped the character of Bakumpai tribe both as the guardian and as the propagator of Islam. The dynamics of the Bakumpai ethnic's trading networks had expanded vastly to the other river flow areas such as Margasari River, Negara River, Amuntai River, and Tabalong River. The trading interactions in those estuaries had built good relationships between Bakumpai ethnic and several other ethnics such as Bukit ethnic, Maanyan ethnic, and Lawangan ethnic, including the Ngaju ethnic. The process of interactions, relationships, and trading networks had caused a consent and dissemination of Islam towards the other Dayak ethnics.