Clinical Listeriosis in Ruminants

摘要

Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive rod shaped bacterium that is normally found in soil and is frequently found in the fecal flora of clinically normal domestic animals and humans. Recognition of human listeriosis is relatively new, starting inthe 1980s, compared to clinical disease in ruminants, which has been recognized for decades and is typically referred to as "circling disease" or one of the differential diagnoses for an abortion storm. Listeriosis in ruminants in current practice is usually sporadic but remains relevant because it is a zoonotic foodborne disease. This comprehensive review will focus on the pathophysiology of listeriosis, which is unique as an intracellular microbe. The review will then shift to diagnosis, management, and treatment of three main clinical syndromes that veterinarians manage in practice including neonatal septicemia, meningoencephalitis, and abortion.