The Model of Toll Station Planning

摘要

When designing barrier tolls, the shape, size and merging pattern need to be taken into consideration. Besides, the safety codes and standard of accident prevention and throughout capacity must be met while the development and operating costs should be kept as low as possible. Six major factors impacting the toll plaza performance were discussed, including the corresponding relationship between the amount of main lanes in single direction and tollbooth, the critical length of toll plaza meeting safety codes and standards, the critical width of toll plaza, the critical size of transition region, the development cost of toll plaza and its throughput capacity. We set up a multiple index analysis system after calculating those six factors to analyze the pros and cons of the existing toll plaza, which could provide scientific basis for the new design. Moreover, difference motivated principle was applied to determine the weight vector, to comprehensively evaluate the impact of each parameter. To determine the optimal design, we designed and compared three control schemes. The evaluation system was applied to compare the pros and cons of each scheme based on the actual situations, and the optimal scheme was designed through combining the strengths of all three. By investigating the adjustment strategy and corresponding performance of the toll plaza of the different scheme in the case of light and heavy traffic flow, the case when the proportion of automatic driving vehicles increases, and the case under different charging modes, the feasibility and rationality of the optimal scheme was tested. In the process of inspection, we used the queuing theory model to determine the maximum capacity of the toll plaza under the manual toll mode, and used the integer programming model to solve the optimal proportional relation of the three tolling models.