Economic and Managerial Problems in the Field of Culture

摘要

The article presents the methodology of realization of the public-private partnership mechanism in cultural industry, balanced in terms of the correlation between risks and responsibility. This mechanism will allow to reduce costs, ensure investment and lower the risk level in the Industry of culture, thus determining its attractiveness and competitiveness. The objective of the article consists In elaborating the Instruments of public-private partnership in cultural industries, which can take legal, organizational and financial forms, having as models methodological, organizational, resource, legislative and motivational support. The directions of the use of public-private partnership are quite multilateral: they Include government and political support, organizational-economic and Investment-financial conditions, legislative basis and staffing. We have used the methodology of mathematical-economic modeling extended by the functional analysis of the cultural industry in the Russian Federation. The statistical method of the time series analysis of the cultural industry's official rates in 2005-2017 in different countries that has been applied in the research shows the trends from double-digit growth to double-digit fall. The calculation of the criteria weight of public-private partnership is conducted using both the method of expert evaluation and the formal method of determining weighting coefficients. The most efficient method in the theory of expert evaluation has proved to be the ranking and scoring method. Applying the scoring methods, experts evaluate the importance of a separate criterion on the scale from 0 to 10. Formal methods of determining weighting coefficients assess the importance of separate criterion with the help of coefficients. We have managed to work out the support measures for each life cycle of the development of cultural and creative industry, and namely: financial measures - guarantee schemes and other financial and credit mechanisms, accessibility of seed and venture capital etc.; productional measures; market measures; administrative and political measures; supporting measures. The state as a part to the partnership agreement of public-private partnership can assume the functions of risk Insurance by means of providing guarantees on state credits or subventions at different levels, export credit insurance and counter-guarantees. This mechanism will allow to reduce the costs, ensure investment and lower the risk level of cultural Industries, thus determining attractiveness and competitivity of the cultural sphere. We state the fact that the use of the technologies of financing the cultural and creative Industry approved by the EU will allow to create the mechanism of support based on the organizational, behavioral and technical interconnections in Russia as well. Apart from direct effectiveness, the influence of culture on economic efficiency also has an indirect impact revealed in supporting the values common for customer groups which define the ways of involvement of the members of a group into the economic production processes. The results of the research may prove useful for the elaboration of government policy measures for the implementation of the forms of financing cultural and creative sphere in today's economy.