Local Community Participation in Community Based Tourism in Kintamani and Their Impact to The Economy

摘要

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the level of participation of local communities in Community-Based Tourism (CBT) in Kintamani Destination, and their impact to the economy. The local communities are involved in tourism activities. Management of tourist destinations in Kintamani is legally under the supervision of the local tourism office. The government is always involved and provided with technical assistance and even funded to develop destinations. Toya Bungkah Spring Water, Historical Relief "Yeh Pulu", Cemeteries Trunyan and Buahan Tourism Village; are given full responsibility to manage it. But in tourist attraction likes Climbing Mount Batur, (because it includes aspects of mountains controls, nature preservation and the environment conservation), the government manage it 40% versus 60% share; between government and society. The level of local people participation is based on the theory of Public Participation Level (Tosun, 1999), that is categorized into spontaneous, induced and coercive. This study measured the level of participation by Tosun Theory (1999), then analyzed its impact on the economy of local communities. Methodology used in this research is quantitative analysis Partial Least Square (PLS). Sampling technique is a non-probability with purposive sampling. Respondents in this study were 52 members of local community groups whom involved in CBT activities in Kintamani. The findings were that tourism activities did not significantly influent local people participation, and significantly influent to economic impact. Local people participation did not significantly influent to economic impact. Participation of local community on each tourism activities generate income, providing employment, increase the amount of production, marketing network and promote the Kintamani destination to the world. The implications of this study are to raise the level of community participation in various tourism activities. Thus the local community's economy will improve, the standard of living and welfare of the people is also increasing. Limitations of this study only focus on the economic aspects; in fact, many other aspects that rose up as the impact of community participation in tourism activities. Social and cultural impact, preservation and conservation of the environment impact need to be further analyzed.