Intraspesies variation of honey bee, Apis cerana Fabr. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) on bee farms in Gunung kidul and Kulon Progo

摘要

Honey bees are one type of insect that provides benefits to humans. Benefits that can useful for humans such as the production of honey, royal jelly, pollen, propolis, venom and bee wax. That a lot benefits cause the development of beekeeping and bee farm in society. Some bee Farms in Yogyakarta region are located in the area of Gunungkidul and Kulon Progo. Bee species that used is Apis cerana. The differences environmental can made morphological and behavioral differences called intraspesies variation. The problem in this research is there influence of environmental differences between Gunungkidul and Kulon Progo on the variation of the intraspesies Apis cerana? The aims are to study the intraspesies variations Apis cerana in bee farm of Gunungkidul and Kulon Progo and learn the environmental influence that causes intraspesies variation Apis cerana in the area. Tools and materials required are analytical balances, measuring instrument, tweezers, small bottles, alcohol 70%, thermohygrometer, lux meter, plastic, supereyes1702, imageJ programe, marker and bee identification books. The methods used are sampling and behavioral observations in the field, then identification and measurement of morphology (morphometric) in laboratory of Entomology and the last analysis of the intraspesies variation with T-test and ANOVA in SPSS programs. Result of this research indicate significant different in body weight, forewing length, forewing wide, femur length and metatarsus length. Enviromental factor that effect to variation are type plantation in forest and elevation.