GLUCAGON IN DIABETES

摘要

The exocrine pancreas is physically located around the periphery of the pancreatic islets. Exocrine glands are organized as acinar and duct cells which secrete pancreatic enzymes important to digestion directly into the small intestine via the pancreatic duct. The exocrine pancreas is not affected in type 1 diabetes. Chronic pancreatitis, which sometimes accompanies diabetes, is associated with decline in exocrine pancreas functioning.The endocrine component of the pancreas consists of islet cells, which are surrounded by the exocrine acinar and duct cells. The endocrine pancreas includes a-cells which secrete glucagon, beta-cells which secrete insulin and amylin, delta-cells which secretesomatostatin, and F cells which secrete pancreatic polypeptide directly into the bloodstream. The two hormones central to the pathophysiology of diabetes are secreted by a and beta -cells.