Severe congenital heart disease has a poor prognosis. Although surgical intervention is required in these cases, open- heart surgery has not commonly been applied. Recently, cardiopulmonary bypass has been performed successfully in small-breed dogs and cats. This has led to an increasing success rate for open-heart surgery in the treatment of mitral regurgitation and congenital heart disease. We have reported several successful open heart procedures under cardiopulmonary bypass in small-breed dogs and cats: e.g., surgical techniques for reducing severe pulmonic stenosis, including open and closed patch grafting, pulmonary commissurotomy, and valvotomy; closure of a septal defect; and repair of mitral and tricuspid valves.
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