GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY FOR A WORLD OF 'SMART' BIOTERRITORIES

摘要

The 'sustainability' has to be managed on the basis of innovative pathways taking into account the global biosphere, which can be defined as a complex of 'anthropic-bio-geo-pedo-climatic' factors variable in relation to the geographical area concerned. Hence the need for the 'global sustainability' is the basis for planning human activities in this current millennium. The concept of 'global sustainability' is summarized in the "State of the Planet Declaration" defined in Scientific Conference "Planet under pressure. New knowledge towards solutions"(London, 29 March 2012)and, fundamentally, proposes:(i)reorientation and restructuring of international and national institutions to innovate the governance of the 'Earth system';(ii)proposal of new objectives of 'global sustainability' taking into account various aspects: food, water, energy safety,biodiversity, ecosystem services, sustainable urbanization, social capital, sea and ocean protection, sustainable consumption and production;(iii)removal of constraints that prevent or reduce to less developed countries to increase their decision-making power in the international dialogue;(iv)market innovation;(v)provision of financial incentives for young entrepreneurs involved in eco-social and environmental initiatives, especially in less developed countries;(vi)promotion of education and scientific interdisciplinary research for a profitable policy orientation towards sustainability;(vii)revision of methods for GDP calculation by introducing indicators that go beyond the purely economic aspects inspired by a 'biology - ecology - economy - culture - social sciences' integrated vision solidifying in 'green economy' or 'bio-economy'. A fundamental element of the 'global sustainability' is the 'global food security',the theme on which EXPO 2015 "Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life" is focused. In this regard, it would be desirable to optimize the management of what is already produced,such example:(i)planning specific interventions to reduce the discrepancies in the food distribution at the level of planet Earth;(ii)refection and food chain rationalization;(iii)estimate of the food 'nutraceutical' value;(iv)insect farming for an alternative and/or supplementary animal source protein. The bio-territory, inserted in a novel ecological vision that is inseparable from human context(human ecology), may constitute a 'prototype'of a new approach to manage the kaleidoscopic endogenous resources in order to promote 'global sustainability'. Each 'bio-territory system',defined as "a model of sustainable management of a 'microbioshere' of a given 'geographical area' by local communities",might individuate virtuous routes in relation to its productive potential on the basis of its originality supply. It may be seen as the 'holistic'moment of an 'atomistic' path represented by the multiplicity of its indigenous resources. The bio-territory can be intended to be managed 'smartly' if it firstly identifies its potential and then realize peculiar innovations suited to its real 'productive'potential; everything might be oriented to physical, psychic and social human development, according to the new moral imperative: 'the ethics of care'. Some fundamental prerequisites for a 'smart' management of a 'bio-territory' in line with the 'global sustainability' are:(i)biodiversity;(ii)health geography;(iii)landscape;(iv)culture, research, innovation and training. It is desirable a new science system of the global environment in which the role of the scientific community is significant in the understanding of 'critical thresholds' of the environmental global crisis in order to harmonize the local interventions in a global context.