The Impact of CO_2 Emissions and Energy Consumption During Li-Ion Battery Manufacturing on the Environmental Balance Sheet of BEV - (PPT)

摘要

Compared to conventional vehicles, the battery of a BEV adds a large additional environmental burden. For example, the energy required to manufacture the battery is 400 times the energy storage capacity. Depending on many factors like the size of the battery, the GWP of the electricity source and the fuel of the conventional vehicle, it can take 100,000 km of car mileage to have a positive impact of the BEV. The largest contributor to the energy requirement and GWP is the cathode: 1. Nickel and cobalt are by far the largest contributors. Other elements that have a big impact are aluminum, copper and graphite. Recycling and reuse are necessary to reduce the impact significantly: 1. They will however have a delayed effect due to the fast growth of the market und the long battery life. The trend towards higher energy densities is generally beneficial. Fast charging and sufficient charging opportunities have a lower impact than large batteries with a longer range.