FUNCTIONAL ORDERED POROUS MATERIALS FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE SUPERCAPACITORS AND HYBRID SUPERCAPACITORS

摘要

Electrochemical capacitors (ECs) have been recognized as powerful energy storage sources for portable electronics and electric vehicles. In order to improve the energy/power densities, various attempts have been applied to electrode materials such as doping, coating, morphology control and composite, etc. Among various approaches, the electrode morphology control is important point because the electrochemical reactions take place in a solution at the interface of an electron conductor and an ionic conductor. Therefore, nanostructured materials have been extensively studied because of their large electrode/electrolyte interface. Moreover, nanometer sized electrode materials contain a short electron/ion diffusion length inside the crystal which is advantageous for intercalation process of charge carriers. However, nanomaterials also have disadvantages, such as a low electrode density and a high irreversible capacity.