This paper discusses several options for mitigating Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) to meet the European Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) regulation for Large Combustion Plants operating in the 50 to 400 MW thermal range to assist in selecting the most suitable mitigation method. Power plants in this range that are mandated under European Unions’ Industrial Emissions Directive (IED)/ Best Achievable Techniques Reference Document (BREF) to reduce SO2 emissions may consider dry, semi-dry or wet technologies to meet SO2 levels outlined in the IED/BREF regulations. Different options will be explored in this case study whilst discussing the advantages and disadvantages for each technology. The advantages/disadvantages of one technology over another include fuel flexibility (low versus high sulfur fuels), impacts to balance of plant equipment (i.e. footprint and potential reuse of existing particulate collection equipment), and additional capital investment requirements (i.e. changes in byproduct quantity and quality). The main evaluation criterial for technology selection will include total capital equipment cost, plant operating costs, and technological limitations to meeting future regulations for acid gas mitigation. The operating costs will consider sorbent consumption costs, auxiliary equipment costs, and additional manpower costs. Unit flexibility will address unit turndown capabilities as well as future emissions reductions capabilities. This paper will conduct an impartial case study for these main criteria to compare these options for a hypothetical 300 MW thermal (approximately 100 MW electric) plant requiring 75%, 85%, and 95% reductions of SO2 over a 15 year operating life.
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