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CO2 EOR Simulation in Unconventional Liquid Reservoirs: An Eagle Ford Case Study

机译:非传统液体储层中的CO2 EOR仿真:鹰福特案例研究

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The purpose of this work is to perform an improved method to optimize different CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes in unconventional liquid reservoirs, particularly in the volatile oil region of the Eagle Ford shale. Previous simulation studies of CO2 EOR in the unconventional liquid reservoirs were not done in full field-scale and were not history matched before applying CO2 EOR to the model. Without history matching step, the simulation might generate misleading results in CO2 EOR studies. The dual- porosity, structured grid model in this paper will be history-matched with actual data collected from the field to ensure the results of CO2 EOR study to be meaningful. In addition, we are implementing the simulation in the dual-porosity mode to account for the presence of natural fractures which have been observed on Eagle Ford outcrop. First, all data will be gathered from public sources. These data include production reports, outcrop map, natural fracture, hydraulic fracture, geology, rock, and fluid. Multiple grid sizes and number of refinements for hydraulic fractures will be tested to ensure the accuracy of the simulation is preserved yet speed up computational time. Several sensitivity analyses will be conducted to investigate which parameters from the matrix system and the natural fracture system would have a significant impact on the incremental oil recovery. These parameters will be adjusted scientifically in the process of history matching to capture the primary depletion. Then, this history-matched model will be used to apply multiple CO2 EOR studies. The history matched model suggests that matrix porosity in the volatile oil region of Eagle Ford shale might be overestimated in many previous investigations. Also, the sensitivity analyses show that the natural fracture permeability perpendicular to the direction of the horizontal well has a significant impact on oil rates in numerical simulation. Among different CO2 EOR methods tested in this research, huff-n-puff yields the most promising outcome as compared to continuous injection and WAG (Water-alternating-gas) in both oil production and economic performance in the volatile oil region of the Eagle Ford shale. In some circumstances, continuous injection method might yield great utilization efficiency but it contains high possibility of negative incremental oil recovery at the end of EOR practice due to pressure loss during CO2 injection time, incomplete miscible process between CO2 and residual oil, and viscous fingering.
机译:本作作品的目的是进行一种改进的方法,以优化非传统液体储层中的不同二氧化碳增强的采油(EOR)过程,特别是在Eagle Ford页岩的挥发油区。先前对非传统液体储层中的CO2 EOR的仿真研究没有以全场尺度进行,并且在将CO2 EOR施加到模型之前没有历史匹配。如果没有历史匹配步骤,模拟可能会在CO2 EOR研究中产生误导性结果。本文的二元结构化网格模型将与现场收集的实际数据匹配,以确保CO2 EOR研究的结果是有意义的。此外,我们在双孔隙模式下实施模拟,以解释在Eagle Ford露头上观察到的天然骨折。首先,所有数据都将从公共来源收集。这些数据包括生产报告,露头图,自然骨折,水力骨折,地质,岩石和液体。将测试多个电网尺寸和用于液压骨折的细化数量,以确保模拟的精度保持速度速度加快计算时间。将进行几种敏感性分析以调查来自基质系统的哪些参数和自然骨折系统对增量溢油产生重大影响。这些参数将在历史匹配的过程中科学地进行科学调整,以捕获主要耗尽。然后,该历史匹配的模型将用于应用多个CO2 EOR研究。历史匹配模型表明,鹰福特页岩挥发油区中的矩阵孔隙可能在许多先前的调查中高估。此外,敏感性分析表明,垂直于水平孔方向的自然断裂渗透性对数值模拟中的油速产生显着影响。在本研究中测试的不同CO2 EOR方法中,与鹰福特的挥发油区的石油生产和经济性能的连续注射和摇摆(水交交配)相比,Huff-N-Puff产生了最有前途的结果页岩。在某些情况下,连续注射方法可能会产生很大的利用效率,但由于CO 2喷射时间内的压力损失,CO2和残余油之间不完全混溶过程,以及粘性指法,它含有高可能在EOR实践结束时恢复的高可能性。

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