Experimental Demonstration of Smart Charging and Vehicle-to-Home Technologies for Plugin Electric Vehicles Coordinated with Home Energy Management Systems for Automated Demand Response

摘要

In this paper, we consider smart charging and vehicle-to-home (V2H) technologies for plugin electric vehicles coordinated with home energy management systems (HEMS) for automated demand response. In this system, plugin electric vehicles automatically react to demand response events with or without HEMS’s coordination, while vehicles are charged and discharged (i.e., V2H) in appropriate time slots by taking into account demand response events, time-ofuse rate information, and users’ vehicle usage plan. We introduce three approaches on home energy management: centralized energy control, distributed energy control, and coordinated energy control. We implemented smart charging and V2H systems by employing two sets of standardized communication protocols: one using OpenADR 2.0b, SEP 2.0, and SAE standards and the other using OpenADR 2.0b, ECHONET Lite, and ISO/IEC 15118. We show that the both communication protocol sets enable the same energy management by adding some properties and class into ECHONET Lite that are equivalent to existing function sets in SEP 2.0 such as demand response, pricing, energy flow reservation. We evaluated developed systems in a demonstration platform, called the Energy Management System (EMS) Shinjuku Demonstration Center established by Waseda University upon the initiative by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) in Japan. We show that developed systems enable automated demand response and peak shift by automatically reacting to demand response events without users’ inconvenience. We also show that smart charging and V2H system with HEMS’s coordination provides more peak demand reduction than one without HEMS’s coordination and one without V2H capability.