Special session 'Countdown to 2015 in Ethiopia' Countdown to 2015: challenges and perspectives in achieving the Millennium Development Goals in Ethiopia

摘要

Results from the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) give an overview of the recentprogress towards the achievement of the health Millennium Development Goals (MDG) in Ethiopia. Inparticular, a consistent decline was observed in under 5 mortality rate (from 217 to 88 per 1000 live birthsbetween 1990 and 2011) and in infant mortality rate (from 133 to 59 per 1000 live births in the same period),being on track to achieve MDG4 by 2015. Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) was estimated at 871, 673, and 676deaths per 100,000 live births in 2000, 2005 and 2011 EDHS, respectively. The pattern observed over the pastsix years is consistent with the 2010/11 findings from the Health Management Information System, showing alow percentage (17%) of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel, which is considered as the single mostimportant factor in reducing MMR. However, a general increase in coverage of key MDG-related interventionsfor disease control (MDG6) has been observed over time. Good progress has been achieved in malaria control,with a three-pronged approach being implemented, consisting of early diagnosis and effective treatment,selective vector control and epidemic prevention and control. Encouraging results have been achieved also inHIV/AIDS control, with combination of relatively low HIV prevalence (1.5%), sustained prevention efforts andincreased ART coverage (62% in 2010/11, above the average in sub-Saharan African countries). Results fromthe TB prevalence survey carried out in 2010/11 shows a TB prevalence (all forms) of 240 per 100,000population which is much lower than previous WHO estimates from models (572 per 100,000), making itpossible to achieve the TB target for MDG6.