Outline of a Restriction-Centered Theory of Reasoning and Computation in an Environment of Uncertainty, Imprecision and Partiality of Truth

摘要

The theory which is outlined in this lecture, call it RRC for short, is a departure from traditional approaches to reasoning and computation. A principal advance is an enhanced capability for reasoning and computation in an environment of uncertainty, imprecision and partiality of truth. The point of departure in RRC is a basic premise-in the real world such environment is the norm rather than exception. A concept which has a position of centrality in RRC is that of a restriction. Informally, a restriction is an answer to the question: What is the value of a variable X? More concretely, a restriction, R(X), on a variable, X, is a limitation on the values which X can take-a limitation which is induced by what is known or perceived about X. A restriction is singular if the answer to the question is a singleton; otherwise it is nonsingular. Generally, nonsingularity implies uncertainty. A restriction is precisiated if the limitation is mathematically well defined; otherwise it is unprecisiated. Generally, restrictions which are described in a natural language are unprecisiated.