Soil seed bank has a high spatiotemporal variability, as the result of interactions between seed dispersal process, habitat condition, and seed traits (Howe et al 1982). Seed mass, the habitat heterogeneity and soil surface process were all related tovertical seed distribution. Nevertheless, the ecological and evolutionary link between the determinants of seed distribution in soil and the adaption of species to the dispersal processes are poorly understood (Vander Wall et al 2004).
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