We consider the problem of identifying unknown physical processes and estimating inaccessible parameters in the global ionosphere and thermosphere model (GITM). In previous work, we took advantage of developments in the retrospective cost method to estimate unknown thermal conductivity and rate coefficients in a one dimensional column in the atmosphere. In the present work, we extend the application of this method to the identification of unknown inaccessible parameters in 3D GITM, as well as the identification of the unknown subsystem that governs the radiative nitrous oxide cooling process in ID GITM.
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