As the implications of rising anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions become clearer, it is increasingly important to meet the world’s growing energy demands in a more sustainable way. With coal-fired power plants contributing more than 40% to annual global CO2 emissions from fuel combustion, the development of practical and effective methods for CO2 capture and sequestration is critical to mitigating the impacts of escalating CO2 levels in the short term. In post-combustion CO2 capture, CO2 is present in the flue gas at a partial pressure of 0.15 bar, while N2 is the primary component at 0.75 bar. Consequently, the separation of CO2 from N2 is the major challenge to capturing pure CO2 so that it can be efficiently compressed, transported, and permanently sequestered. As such, materials that reversibly adsorb CO2 with a high selectivity over N2 are critical.
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