Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries with improved safety are needed for numerous applications including electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and military platforms. Current lithium-ion batteries utilize an electrolyte composed of a lithium salt (e.g. LiPF6) and flammable organic solvents (e.g. ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, etc.). Using conventional flammable electrolytes, current lithium-ion batteries can combust and release highly toxic chemicals under failure mechanisms such as overcharging, internal shorting, defects, physical damage, overheating, etc.
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