Managing safety of industrial hazardous installations with emphasis on the control systems, interfaces and human factors

摘要

In the paper a procedure for the layer of protection analysis (LOPA) as a tool to evaluate the risk of accident scenarios occurrence in hazardous installations is outlined. In such installations several protection layers exist. Human operator performance in each layer is unavoidable, but the role and tasks are different and depend on the context of situation. Based on suggestions form literature (EEMUA, CREAM) and own proposals the slightly modified LOPA procedure, containing probabilistic modeling of accident scenarios including the human operator performance within human reliability analysis (HRA) is presented. Also a procedure for selecting, appropriate to situation considered and designed solution of human machine interface (HMI), a HRA methodology is proposed. Selected aspects of the alarm system (AS) designing, crucial in order to provide its required functionality and reliability are also discussed. Mentioned issues are illustrated on an example of HRA analysis with utilization of SPAR - H technique for the case of the control and protection system of a high pressure container.