The population problem is the significant problem that our country faces with for long-term in the primary stage of socialism; it is the key factor that restricted our country's economic and social development. Since entering 21st century, China has gotten rid of the strange cycle of population growth, but has to face a new round of population issues now. This paper first introduced the current state of The Chinese population: number is large, quality is low, the growing population aging and so on. Then we analyzed the above issues, referred to the Leslie population prediction models regarding the population quantity. Established the mathematic model, forecasted that China's total population would reach 1.37759 billion by 2021. Predicted the trend of aging and the reason of it was put forward. Low quality of the population is still a huge problem our country faced with, this article analyses the current status first, then presents some suggestions.
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