Mineral physics and high-pressure crystallography research provide crucial information on the enigmatic properties of the Earth's interior and is motivating multidisciplinary efforts to re-evaluate our understanding of the past and current states of the planet. We discuss the structures, melting temperatures, sound velocities of the dominant core-forming ironnickel-light element alloys, as well as seismic anisotropy, thermal and chemical states of the Earth core in view of structural studies of iron-based alloys at multimegabar pressure range.
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