On the experiences of flood control schemes application in the Golestan province (Iran)

摘要

The flood has the main contribution in natural disasters, resulting to giant damages in infrastructures as well as tremendous human losses. Reports indicate that approximately 37% of natural disasters related to the floods from 1990 to 2000 years. Golestan province is located in Caspian Sea north-east of Iran. The four heavy floods in 2001, 2002, 2005 and 2008 were affected by this province and make it as a flood height risk area in Iran. The flood control schemes include two well-known structural and non-structural methods. In structural methods, some morphologic, geologic and especially environmental negative aspects limit large-scale alternate like retention dams. The low-scale numerous flood control schemes in tributary streams of sub-basins, may have the lowest undesirable consequence on environment as well as minimum structural, geological and construction complications. This paper makes efforts to illustrate some structural flood control schemes and specially application of the numerous low-scale flood control schemes for some real case studies in Golestan province. It can also be deduced that these schemes are the most economical in comparison with other schemes in addition to simplicity in design and construction, easy to operation and minimum environmental unconstructive effect.