Energy efficiency of low temperature central heating systems

摘要

The assurance of the heat demand for millions of buildings equipped with centralized heating systems imposes equipment with high performances not only in the heat generation but also in the distribution of thermal energy. One way to obtain higher efficiency of the heating systems is to work on reduced temperature, which means that the temperatures throughout the system are lowered as much as possible. In this system the heat losses will decrease, the consumers will benefit a higher thermal comfort and it is possible to use with higher efficiency the renewable energy sources. The system must be controlled and optimized in correspondence with the ever-changed heat demand. In this paper are analysed the energy savings in heating systems with reduced forward temperature, for different types of radiators taking into account the thermal insulation of the distribution pipes. In this purpose are developed some calculation models and the effects of thermal agent temperature variation on the energy saving are illustrated by a numerical example.