Turkey has a large population with almost 30 % of it under 18 years old and has achieved important improvements on health system recently. Some characteristics of the country and health status are given and current pediatrics education system are summarised in this manuscript.Turkey, known officially as the Republic of Turkey, is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Western Asia and southeastern Europe. Turkey has a large population with almost 30 % of it under 18 years old.Many important achivements have been successed in health system recently. National Tobacco Control Program, Measles Eradication Program and Baby Friendly Hospitals Initiative are some of thems. Smoking is an important public health problem in our country. Our country ranks in the 7rd place in the world in terms of tobacco consumption. The "Tobacco Control Framework Agreement" prepared by WHO was signed in 2004, and the "National Tobacco Control Program" was declared in 2007. There has been a great support to the measures which implementation started in 2008 to prevent passive smoking.A wide vaccination campaign for eradicaiton of measles, covering the years 2003-2005 had been conducted and 18,217,000 children were vaccinated within the campaign which has been the widest campaign ever done in the Turkey and Europe. The vaccination rate was % 97. Number of the measles cases was 30,509 in 2001 and it decreased to 4 in 2008.Baby Friendly Hospitals Program are still carrying out and the number of "Baby Friendly Hospitals reached 665. We are continuing "Promotion of Breastfeeding and as a result, the ratio of exclusively breast feding between 0-6 months of age is increased to 40.4 % in 2009. Additionally, all obstetric units have staff who certified as attending "Newborn Resuscitation Training Program".
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