Spring Water Hydrochemistry in North-South Profile in the Jordan Valley

摘要

The hydrochemical characteristics of twenty springs, distributed along the north-south cross section of the Upper Jordan Rift Valley were determined. The major ions of fifty water spring samples: Ca2+, Mg~(2+), Na~+, K~+, Cl~-, SO_4~(2-), NO_3~- and HCO_3~- were analyzed in addition to heavy metals including: Fe, Zn, Li, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Cu, Mn, Al, Cd, Ba, Pb and Bi. An increase in the concentration trend of Na~+, SO_4~(2-), NO_3~-, as well as of Fe, Co, Bi, Li was noticed towards the south caused by natural and manmade polluted sources. This put remarks on the surface - ground water interaction sources. The industrial wastewater flow discharge in study area increased the concentrations of Co, Bi, Li in the samples taken from the area threatening the quality of groundwater. The majority of the spring water samples fall into the normal earth alkaline water group with prevailing bicarbonate and sulfate or chloride. The southern springs are classified as normal earth alkaline water with prevailing bicarbonate, which are classified as high TDS and Na-Cl water type.