Effect Of Planting Methods Of Rice On Water Productivity And Economics

摘要

This paper describes the results obtained from two year experiment conducted at farmer's field in Bulandshahr Delhi,India aimed at understanding the effect of different establishment methods on rice production during 2006 and 2007 using an aromatic rice variety,Pusa Sugandh 3.In this experiment,the treatment consisted four planting techniques and three irrigation treatments were studied. The four different establishment methods were transplanted rice on puddled (TPR),direct wet seeded (DWS),direct dry seeded on flat bed (DDS) and transplanting slope of ridges in a furrow- ridger configuration (FTP).In all establishment methods,the three irrigation regimes exposed were continuously submerged (W1),irrigation after 1 day drainage (W2),and irrigation after 3 days drainage (W3). Averaged over irrigation regimes,among all the treatments,TPR had the highest grain yield followed by FTP,and DWS which were 4773,4379 and 4229 kg ha-1,respectively. The lowest grain yield was obtained in DDS. The use of irrigation water input in non puddled treatment was significantly reduced. The total amount of water applied in DDS and FTP for similar irrigation treatment (W1) was 1044 and 977 mm,respectively.Compared to TPR,the reduction of total water input was 38 and 42 % in DDS and FTP respectively,for similar irrigation treatment (W1),and comparing to flooded direct wet seeded (DWS) it was 29 and 34%.Water productivity (WPET) ranged from 0.60 to 0.86 g grain kg-1water under W1 irrigation treatment which was highest in FTP. In terms of (WPir),averaged across irrigation treatments,FTP also had the highest value (0.498 g grain kg-1water) followed by DDS (0.421 g grain kg-1water). Economical evaluation showed that the total cost of production of one hectare has been reduced by 13 percent in FTP compared to TPR.In addition to those intangible benefits such as working condition has been improved drastically.Economics of different rice establishment methods showed that cost/benefit ratio was highest in case of FTP due to relatively high yield and low water inputs,followed by TPR under W1 irrigation treatment.It was lowest in DDS.