THE ROLE OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING ON DETERMINING THE FOREST BOUNDARIES AND UNAUTHORIZED BUILDINGS IN TURKEY (A SAMPLE AREA: BEYKOZ (ISTANBUL))

摘要

The 26percent (201,992.96 km~(2)) of Turkey's land area is (769,604 km~(2)) covered by forests. It has been possible to determine the boundaries of 4/5 of the forests of Turkey in 66 years by forest cadastre which was introduced in 1937. But only 1/4 of the demarcated area could be registered into the land registry. Forests are occupied by unauthorized buildings and squatters as a result of creeping operations. Betweeen the years of 1937 and 2003, an area of 4734.19 km~(2) has been reassigned as nonforest area because of loosing its forest characteristics. The advantages of remote sensing and photogrammetry technologies have not been taken sufficiently in forestry cadastral works. In this paper, the size of forest plunder is analyzed by associating it with the evolution of urbanization in the course of time. In this context, the matters concerning forestry demarcation and problems in forestry cadastre, and the activities causing unauthorized housing and illegal forestry usage are dicussed. Furthermore, the role of remote sensing and photogrammetry in determining forest boundaries in Turkey, both on land and by forestry cadastral maps, is examined. The forests located in the north of Istanbul, which is a very large city, serve as the lungs of the city. Especially after the recent earthquake experienced in "MARMARA" Region, the pressure on forests has increased because of the jeopardy created by the descending ground. In this study, Beykoz, which is one of the 32 townships of Istanbul Province and located in the north of the city with 313km~(2) of area, 80 percent of which is covered by forests, has been chosen as a sample area, and the condition of forests in this region has been analyzed.