The miserable disasters caused by the Indian Ocean Tsunami took place in the countries along the Indian Ocean coast. The state of the tsunami was quite different between eastern and western seas of the Indian Ocean. It is thought that geographical features of the coastal cross-shore section affect the characteristics of tsunami deformation and the damage situation of coastal structures. In this paper, the model experiments were conducted to clarify the difference of deformation, breaking, runup or pressure of tsunami by the difference of cross-sectional topography. It was clarified that the tsunami pressure is much affected by soliton fission which is related to cross-sectional topography and tsunami height. The new empirical formulas were proposed for the estimation of a static and dynamic tsunami pressures, respectively. Their validity was confirmed by comparing with the experimental results.
展开▼
