Characterization of the Cryphonectria parasitica Subpopulations in the Central-European Region

摘要

Chestnut blight disease caused by the Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr [syn: Endothia parasitica (Murr.) And.] causes big damages of the chestnut stands throughout the World. In 1969, symptoms of the pathogen were reported first on chestnut in the Carpathian-Basin, in Hungary. Until 1998, the fungus was detected only on chestnut in the Carpathian-Basin. Then blight symptoms were also detected on some young sessile oak (Quercus petraea) trees in South-Transdanubie (Hungary) and in Slovakia. Main goals of our studies were investigations on oaks in the different regions of the Carpathian-Basin (in Romania, in Ukraine, in Siovakia and in Hungary) to detect the symptoms of Cryphonectria parasitica. During our examinations, blight symptoms on oaks were identified on three Hungarian areas. Infected oak trees with bark necrosis were also found in Baia Mare, Romania and in Slovakia near Duchonka. Oak trees infected by chestnut blight fungus were not yet found in Ukraine. Four pathogen strains were identified from bark samples of Hungarian infected oaks (EU-3, EU-16, EU-9 and EU-11). Only one pathogen strain (EU-2) was identified from the Slovakian site and only one strain (EU-12) was identified also from the examined Romanian areas from oak bark samples. Until now, C. parasitica have not caused so serious destruction on oaks as on chestnut trees in the Carpathian-basin, therefore potentially it could be a more serious parasite for our forests in the future.