As large-scale rechargeable batteries for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and smart-grids are emerging, all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) have attracted much attention due to their ultimate safety.Especially, a bulk-type ASSLB where the electrode layer is comprised of active materials and sulfide SE powders and conductive additives is promising. This is attributed to high ionic conductivity in the order of 10~(-3)-10~(-2) S cm~(-1) (e.g. a thio-lithium superionic conductor (thio-LISICON, Li_(3.25)Ge_(0.25)P_(0.75)S4, 2.2 × 10~(-3) S cm~(-1)), glass–ceramic (GC) 70Li2S–30P2S5 (Li7P3S_(11), 3.2 × 10~(-3) S cm~(-1)), and Li_(10)GeP2S_(12) (1.2 × 10~(-2) S cm~(-1))1) and the ductility of the sulphide SEs, which allows to achieve intimate contact with active particles, providing good ionic conduction pathways by simple cold pressing.
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