HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSTS STABILIZED IN IONIC LIQUIDS FOR PROCESSING BIOMASS AND BIOMASS-DERIVED CHEMICALS

摘要

This paper discusses the use of homogeneous catalysts stabilized in ionic liquids as alternatives for conventional heterogeneous catalysts for processing biomass and biomass-derived chemicals into fuels and value-added products. Ongoing work at TDA Research, Inc. has demonstrated that a wide variety of transition-metal oxides including those of Fe, Co, Ru, Rh and Ir are reduced by the H2 + CO of high-pressure synthesis gas to form catalytic carbonyl anions and anionic metal-carbonyl hydrides that remain stable in ionic liquids down to ambient pressure and temperature. In general, the TDA homogeneous carbonyl anions catalyze CO-transfer reactions; hydrides catalyze transfer of hydrogen for reduction reactions, and carbonyl hydrides transfer both CO and hydrogen to catalyze hydroformylation reactions converting alkenes into aldehydes and ketones and their subsequent reduction into alcohols.