The Cleanest Cars: Well-to-wheels Emissions

摘要

A review of more than 40 studies and analyses compares the well-to-wheels emissions of conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), battery electric vehicles (BEVs), and hydrogen fuel-cell electric vehicles (HFCEVs). BEVs and PHEVs are the most efficient vehicles and offer the greatest reductions in greenhouse gases (GHGs). Emissions of criteria pollutants that cause smog, acid rain, and lung disease will decrease under current regulations, and PHEVs will contribute to those reductions. Renewable power (solar, wind, etc.) is more efficiently used (with greater emission reductions) to make electricity than to make hydrogen for vehicles. Overall, BEVs and PHEVs create fewer emissions than the other vehicles by use of cleaner, cheaper, domestic electricity in the most efficient manner.