MONITORING OF RADIOACTIVITY INENVIRONMENT BY PROROTIONALDETECTOR RS 03

摘要

By monitoring of the radioactivity in environment we must properly chooseespecially the detector. The dose rate equivalent was measured by a proportionaldetector with the efficiency of 1 % in an integral regime. On all continents the doserate equivalent from the gamma radiation is usually in the range of 60 up to 100 nSv/h,exceptionally in special cases and on the sporadic /extraordinary places it can reach thevalue over 120 nSv/h. Roughly speaking, two thirds of this radiation is created byterrestrial component from nuclides K- 40, Rb - 87, Ra — 226, Th - 232. The naturalgamma radiation comes from the cosmic radiation in the range of 10 up to 20 %. Thecosmic radiation is created by high energetic mions, from which photons arise as thesecond particles. The radioactivity of air in the range from 5 to 10 % contributes tonatural background of the gamma radiation. The radioactivity, caused by man, hasunder normal conditions no significant contribution to enhancement of naturalbackground of the gamma radiation [1], [2], [3]. In the paper there are analysed theresultates from the long-term dose rate equivalent measuring of natural gammaradiation. Typical contributions of individual sources of background are illustratedwithin the one month continual measurement. The measuring is installed on the buildingof the Faculty of Pedagogy in Trnava.