Load-displacement analysis of a single deep foundation element can be accomplished by utilizing a soil-structure interaction model, such as the “t-z” model. By combining the soil-structure interaction model with a probabilistic analysis technique, methods to rationally incorporate design variability can be provided. The service limit state load capacity of a single deep foundation element can then be computed utilizing the probabilistic results and an allowable total head displacement. However, in design, differential settlement between individual foundation elements is often the event of interest. This paper develops a reliability-based design methodology for differential settlement of deep foundations.
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