Determination of Structural Dip and Azimuth from LWD Azimuthal Propagation Resistivity Measurements in Anisotropic Formations

摘要

With the use of both azimuthal propagation resistivity main and cross component data, the resistivity anisotropy and its dip and azimuth angles of a massive formation (anisotropic shale or laminated sand) can be determined. The accuracy of the determined parameters depends on the amount of available data. A minimum amount of data are two frequency main components and real and quadrature cross components. The boundary effects will distort the solution eventually; however, the anisotropy enhanced processing will minimize the effects to extend the algorithm to a certain distance away from a boundary.