Hydrogen production for fuel cells and other applications from biomass is a major challenge. Aqueous phase reforming (APR) of carbohydrates to produce hydrogen using supported metal catalysts has shown a promising approach among the hydrogen production strategies. The APR process operates at low temperatures (<300°C) at which the water gas shift reaction is thermodynamically favored, making it capable of producing hydrogen with low CO by single step in one reactor. Due to the coexistence of H2 and CO/CO2 with various carbonaceous intermediates in the mixture, however, selectivity is a challenging issue in the APR process as formation of alkanes via methanation and Fisher-Tropsch reactions occurs at low temperatures. The H2 selectivity was found to depend on the type of metal, support, feed molecules, and reaction conditions. In general, Pt and Pd provide much higher H2 selectivity than Ni, Ru and Rh. In addition, the effect of support on reforming activity and selectivity is greater than that the effect of metal dispersion. So far, the influence of the acidity-basicity of the supports and the interaction between metal and supports on the APR reaction of alcohols has not been investigated extensively.
展开▼
机译：燃料电池的氢气产生和生物质的其他应用是一项重大挑战。使用负载金属催化剂产生氢化氢的碳水化合物的水相改性（APR）在氢气生产策略中显示了一种有前途的方法。 APR过程在低温（<300°C）的低温（<300°C）中运行，水煤气变换反应热力学偏好，使其能够在一个反应器中单步生产具有低CO的氢。然而，由于H2和CO / CO 2与混合物中的各种碳质中间体的共存，选择性是APR过程中的一个具有挑战性的问题，因为通过甲烷化和饲料粒子的形成在低温下发生烷烃。发现H2选择性取决于金属，载体，进料分子和反应条件的类型。通常，PT和PD提供比Ni，Ru和Rh高的H2选择性。此外，支持对重整活性和选择性的效果大于金属分散体的效果。到目前为止，尚未广泛研究酸度 - 酸性碱度的影响以及金属之间的酸度和醇的相互作用，并未进行广泛研究醇的反应。
展开▼
