A real life analysis of small scale photovoltaic installations

摘要

One of the measures taken by the Flemish region in Belgium to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and to stimulate the market penetration of renewable energy was the introduction of a support arrangement for photovoltaic solar installations on building. This paper describes the analysis of the measuring results of the real-life monitoring of 13 financed photovoltaic solar installations in the Flemish Region in Belgium. All systems are grid-connected with installed powers between 0,85 kWp and 5,7 kWp, angles of inclination between 14° and 45° and orientations between 142° and 235°. The following parameters were measured during 6 to 12 months: PV-electricity production, electric energy from the grid and from the PV-panels effectively used in the building, solar radiation in the plane of the panels and the part of the PV-energy that goes back into the grid. In addition, for 7 installations, both the DC and AC-power generated by the panels was measured in order to evaluate the efficiency of the modules and the inverters separately. Several conclusions were made regarding system efficiency, performance ratio, impact of orientation and angle of inclination, inverter problems, shadow effects and dimensioning problems.