Global competition is bringing about new approaches to business management and efficiency. In many industries highly automated factories supported by rigid and standardized processes apply resources to specific places at predetermined times. IT systems specify activities to be carried out and resources required to meet anticipated demand. These rigid systems assume that demand can be accurately forecast and resources accurately specified to efficiently meet this demand. These rigid resourced based models require companies to specify, monitor and control detailed activities and tasks. This necessarily inhibits innovation and learning and results in employees who become instruments of management.
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